Plants Compete for Friendly Ants

Many woodland plants rely on ants to disperse their seeds; such seed dispersal increases the plant population's chance of survival. Robert Warren, assistant professor of biology at SUNY Buffalo State, has recently demonstrated that ant-dispersed plants (myrmecochores) compete for ant dispersers by staggering seed release.

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"Competition as a mechanism structuring mutualisms" by Warren and coauthors Itamar Giladi and Mark A. Bradford was published online on January 13 in the Journal of Ecology. The researchers hypothesized that the staggered timing of seed release by ant-dependent plants has been shaped by competition, through which plants with less desirable (smaller) seeds avoid competing with plants with more desirable (larger) seeds. Warren showed that ants will ignore small seeds altogether if they are placed close to large seeds.

Govt notifies hike in edible oil import duty

The Finance Ministry on Tuesday notified the hike in import duty on refined edible oils to 10 per cent from 7.5 per cent earlier.

The increase will widen the duty differential between crude oil and refined oils to 7.5 per cent from 5 per cent now.

Currently, the import duty on crude oil is 2.5 per cent.

Industry view

The refining industry had been demanding a hike in import duty on refined oils as a lower duty differential of 5 per cent had led to surge in imports of refined oils in the recent past.

This had lead to under-utilisation of domestic refining capacity.

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Cardamom loses flavour as demand slips

Cardamom market slipped marginally last week on slack demand and comparatively good arrivals at auctions last week. Arrivals continued to be good even though the sixth round of harvesting is on. Upcountry buyers bought but not aggressively, market sources told Business Line.

At the same time, orders from overseas were met with non-availability of exportable variety of 7mm and above capsules. An estimated 30-40 tonnes of cardamom were bought by exporters. “We were looking for good volume but we could not get even 10 tonnes of exportable grade capsules,” an exporter told Business Line.

Upcountry dealers are reported to have stocks with them. Severe cold wave conditions prevailing in most States have slowed down sales significantly, market sources said. Therefore, improvement in demand is likely to emanate after the weather clears, they said. The harvesting is at the fag end of the season.

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Japan lowers residue norm for shrimp feed preservative

In a move that could benefit Indian shrimp exporters, Japan has relaxed the maximum residue limit standards for ethoxyquin, an anti-oxidant used as preservative in shrimp feed.

Norms relaxed

Japan has recently notified the residue limit for ethoxyquin at 0.2 ppm (parts per million) for shrimps imported from India against the earlier 0.01 ppm.

“The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan, has officially notified the MRL for ethoxyquin at 0.2 ppm in crustaceans including farmed shrimp,” said Leena Nair, Chairman, Marine Products Export Development Authority.

This has ended the 18-month-long MPEDA’s battle with the Japanese authorities.

In August 2012, the import inspection authorities of Japan had enforced the default level of 0.01 ppm for ethoxyquin in shrimps from India.

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Transportation study to find ways to tackle backlogs in grain shipments: Ritz

WINNIPEG - Ottawa is chipping in half the cost of a $3-million transportation study to tackle huge rail backlogs that have left a bumper crop of grain still sitting on some fields.

Agriculture Minister Gerry Ritz says last year was a record for Canadian grain — the harvest was up about 20 million tonnes — but that has posed some serious challenges. Such big crops are the "new normal" and Canada's economy depends on a reliable way of getting them to market, he said.

"There is a logistical situation out there where farmers are still sitting with grain in the fields," Ritz said Tuesday after announcing the transportation study

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Agriculture Undersecretary receives FAO delegation

Manama, Jan 21 (BNA) – Agriculture and Marine Resources Undersecretary Shaikh Khalifa bin Isa Al Khalifa, today at Bahrain International Airport, received the FAO delegation led by Director-General of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Jose Graziano da Silva, who are currently carrying out a two-day official visit to the country.The meeting discussed the existing cooperation between the two sides in the field of food security and the FAO's support delivered to develop the agricultural, farming and fish sectors in Bahrain, in addition to issues related to food security in the GCC countries and Bahrain's interest to move toward foreign investment in the field of agriculture.

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DNA Detectives Able to 'Count' Thousands of Fish Using as Little as a Glass of Water

Researchers also for the first time used DNA from water samples to discern which of the species were most plentiful in the tank.


Being able to determine the relative abundance of fish species in a body of water is the next step in possibly using modern DNA identification techniques to census fish in the open ocean, according to Ryan Kelly, University of Washington assistant professor of marine and environmental affairs, and lead author of a paper in the Jan. 15 issue of PLOS ONE.


Sardines, tuna and turtles are among the species in the Monterey Bay Aquarium Open Sea tank where scientists successfully used the latest DNA techniques as a new way to tally the fish in the tank.